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Carter-Newton House (c. 1849) at 530 Academy Street, Madison, Georgia, is one of the grand homes of Madison built during its heyday, 1840–60, leading up to the Civil War. A classic four-over-four Greek Revival home, one of six of this type in Madison, it features a wide front porch supported by four large Ionic columns, eight 20' × 20' rooms plus three additional ones in back, 12½ foot ceilings downstairs, and nine fireplaces. The central structure seems largely unchanged from when it was constructed but in fact has undergone a number of alterations. Of special significance are the very impressive entrance hall, double parlors and the main and servants’ staircases. Pocket doors to the main parlors, added in 1906, still operate. The house sits on , with six adjoining undeveloped acres to the rear; the view out the back vestibule is of a lovely rural scene. The house was built at the peak of the cotton boom in Morgan County, on the foundation of one of several academies operating in Madison during the first half of the 19th century starting with the two-story brick Madison Male Academy which was down the street and established by charter of the Georgia Legislature on December 16, 1815 and supported in part by the state in the form of fines and forfeitures levied in criminal prosecutions. ==The Shepherd Family Years== Not long after the academy burned down, Carter Shepherd and his wife Nancy Whitfield Shepherd, built the present wooden house, originally with 8 rooms, over its foundations. Nancy Whitfield (6/18/1813–1898) was born in 1813 to the William Whitfield in neighboring Putnam County and married Carter in 1833. They had six children including William 1839, Sarah “Sallie” E. 1840, Annie 1845, Florence 1846, Carter Jr. 1848, and, in 1850, Robert, the first child born at the “Shepherd House”. According to Samuel Burney’s letters home mentioned below, the Carter Shepherd’s were one of the most prosperous families in Morgan County, with a plantation to the south of Madison and a small sawmill. Most important by far wealth-wise were their slaves; Nancy had 114 slaves, making her the 4th largest slaveholder in the county at the time of the Civil War.〔Morgan County 1860 tax records.〕 Her husband had died two years before from an accident at his saw mill. His blood from that accident stained the floor. Mr. Shepherd’s death in 1858 left Nancy as both plantation master and mother of six children to raise. On November 8, 1860, Mrs. Shepherd’s eldest daughter, Sallie, then 20, married Samuel A. Burney (4/26/1840-3/22/1896), who was the same age, a native of Morgan County and an honor graduate of Mercer College in Macon, Georgia. In September 1861, after teaching a year, he joined the Panola Guards of Thomas Cobb’s Georgia Legion, composed of many men from Madison and the county, and fought for the remainder of the war, mostly in Virginia. In Richmond, Lt. Burney met Vice President Alexander Stephens. After losing an eye from a wound at the Battle of Chancellorsville, he was eventually reassigned to Georgia to the Commissary department in south Georgia and was at the Shepherd House for a number of days until the morning of November 18, 1864, a day before General Slocum’s troops marched through town, burning several cotton warehouses and part of the depot. Escaping town in the nick of time, he wrote that Mrs. Shepherd lost money, papers and watches among other things during the march.〔Burney, Samuel A. and Shepherd, Sarah E., "A Southern Soldier's Letters Home: The Civil War Letters of Samuel Burney, Cobb's Georgia Legion, Army of Northern Virginia", ed. Turner III, Nat S., Mercer University Press 2003.''〕 Another soldier at the Shepherd House on the morning of November 18 was Captain Charles W. Baldwin, one of Morgan County’s most celebrated Civil War heroes. Immediately after graduating from Emory University at Oxford, he too had joined the Panola Guards. Having been wounded in the elbow at the Battle of Atlanta earlier that year and still not recovered, he was visiting Mrs. Shepherd’s 2nd daughter, Annie, on the eve of Madison’s most momentous day. Years later, he wrote: “I was just regaining strength when General Sherman commenced his march through Georgia to the sea. On the day before his army reached Madison, I was visiting Miss Annie Shepherd (who was destined to become my wife) at the residence of her mother in that town. It being decided that I should ‘refuge’, Mrs. Shepherd gave me a gold watch and several thousand dollars to take care of for her – besides which I had my own watch and money on my person. Though barely able to ride horseback, my arm still in a sling, I undertook the trip of refugee…(and was captured two days later by Union troops, ending up in a horrid prison on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina and, later, a tolerable one in Washington, DC).”〔“The Civil War Adventures of Capt. Charles W. Baldwin”, ''Morgan County Citizen'' June 8, 2006, p. 11 B, relating an article by Captain Charles W. Baldwin in ''Confederate Veteran Magazine'' Vol. 2, No. 1, July 1890.〕 In April 1865, at the end of the war, Sam Burney came back to Madison to live at the Shepherd House with his wife Sallie and run his mother-in-law’s plantation. Three months later, Captain Baldwin was released from prison and returned “wearing a splendid suit of clothes, which I had bought in Philadelphia with the money I had gotten for the Confederate notes I had sold”.〔Id.〕 Later that year, he married Sallie’s sister, Annie, and was elected Clerk of the Superior Court of Morgan County, a post which he held for 38 years until his death. Two years later in 1867, Sam Burney re-enrolled at Mercer College to study for the ministry. In 1882, Burney became the Madison Baptist Church minister, a post he held for 10 years until his death. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carter-Newton House」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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